Category: Guide

Badminton is Indonesia’s “national game”, the Sudirman Cup is the country’s badminton association on behalf of the people of the country to the International Badminton Federation donated a trophy. The cup’s body is made of sterling silver, the appearance of pure gold-plated, cup height of 80 cm, width of 50 cm, weighing 12 kg, the cost of 15,000 U.S. dollars, it is a very rich national characteristics, a symbol of the Indonesian people’s infinite love of badminton trophy.

Sudirman is the former chairman of the Indonesian Badminton Association. He was born on 29 April 1922 in a small town in North Sumatra province, Indonesia. He topped the regional children’s and youth badminton competitions from primary to secondary school; by the time he was in high school, he had become a national celebrity; and he became an unofficial national champion when he was a university student (University of Commerce). In the 1940s, there was no national tournament in Indonesia, and he had beaten every player he could meet. Not only was he good in singles, but he also teamed up with one of his older brothers to win the doubles championship several times.

In 1958, Mr Sudirman represented Indonesia for the first time as a starter in the fourth Thomas Cup tournament in Singapore. During the tournament he gave full play to his badminton talents and contributed to Indonesia’s first ever World Badminton Men’s Team Championship. It is worth mentioning that in order to participate in this tournament, due to the shortage of funds at that time the Indonesian ** and badminton federation, even the travelling expenses could not come out, in this difficult time, Mr. Sudirman resolutely sold his beloved car, the money from the sale of the car as a participation in the Thomas Cup tournament costs all free of charge donated to the Indonesian team.

In 1951, under Mr Sudirman’s initiative, the Indonesian Badminton Association (BBA) was formally established and Mr Sudirman himself was elected as the first chairman of the association. Due to Mr Sudirman’s selfless and effective work, he was elected as the President of the Indonesian Badminton Association for 22 consecutive years. Mr Sudirman was elected to the Board of Directors of the International Badminton Federation (BFI) in 1973 and became Vice President of the BFI in 1975, a position he held until his death in 1986.

After Mr Sudirman’s death, the Indonesian Badminton Federation donated a gold cup costing 27 million rupiahs (about US$1,500 at that time) to the BWF and named it the “Sudirman Cup” (Sudirman Cup) for a few years for his achievements.

In 1986, in the BWF Council held for the first time to hold a mixed team tournament proposal. 1988, the BWF accepted and designated the mixed team tournament and one-way championships held at the same time, and decided to use the Sudirman Cup as a mixed team tournament trophy. 1989, the first Sudirman Cup tournament and the sixth World Badminton Singles Championships were held in Indonesia at the same time, and it was stipulated that the tournament would be held every two years, and the Sudirman Cup would be held every two years, and it would be held every two years. In 1989, the first Sudirman Cup and the sixth World Badminton Singles Championships were held simultaneously in Indonesia, with the stipulation that the tournaments would be held every two years, with the Tang and You Cups in even-numbered years and the Sudirman Cup in odd-numbered years.

The Sudirman Cup matches are scheduled to be held in the same practice and venue as the World Championships (bilateral matches are played first, followed by the World Championships). Sudirman Cup matches are played in a best-of-five format and consist of five events: men’s singles, women’s singles, men’s doubles, women’s doubles and mixed doubles. Since the first Sudirman Cup tournament was held in Indonesia in 1989, eight editions have been held to date.

What do you mean by World Ranking Points?

The World Ranking Points system is an ordered ranking of athletes (single/double) that reflects their participation and strength, calculated through a point system.

What is the range of application?

The applicable ranking is based on the results of all BWF, BWF Asia and BWF China sanctioned tournaments (excluding invitationals and junior tournaments) in a 52-week cycle. 

Calculation of Points

Athletes (single/double) are awarded points according to the level in which they competed and the place they finished. Points awarded to athletes (single/double) depend on how many rounds they have advanced from the round in which they were drawn for the competition in which they participated. If an athlete (single/double):

1. If a player meets a roundoff in the first round and is then eliminated in the second round, they will receive the score of the first round loser.
2. If a player meets a roundoff in the first round, wins in the second round, and is eliminated in the third round, they will receive the score of the loser of the third round.
3. If a player meets a roundoff in the first round, wins the second round, and is eliminated in the second round, they will receive the score of the loser of the second round.
4. If a player meets a roundoff in the first round, forfeits in the second round, and is eliminated in the third round, they will receive the third round minus score.

Individual Competitions

 The following tables show the corresponding points for international competitions sanctioned by the BWF and those sanctioned by the CWF. Athletes (single/double) are awarded points according to the star rating of the tournament and the results of the tournament.

 (International badminton events are categorised into seven stars, and the World Championships and Olympic badminton tournaments are 7-star tournaments).

Team Competition

(1) International competitions: The points awarded to the athletes (pairs) who represent the Chinese national team in the Sudirman Cup, Thomas Cup, Uber Cup, Asian Games Men’s and Women’s Team Competition, and Asian Cup competitions within 52 weeks shall be composed of two parts: the individual average points and the bonus points.
 a. Individual Average Points: Each athlete who appears in the competition will receive his/her individual average points for that single event (the method of calculating individual average points is as follows).
 b. Bonus Points: Athletes will receive 50 bonus points for each race they win, and bonus points can be added up.

(2) Domestic Competitions: For team competitions in which the Athlete has competed within 52 weeks, the highest point-earning race in each competition will be taken to calculate the points for that competition. Points earned in a competition consist of two parts: individual average points and bonus points, calculated as follows:
 a. Individual Average Points: An Athlete (pair) participating in a Team Race will be awarded the average of his/her own points (the method for calculating the Individual Average Points is as follows).
 b. Bonus Points: If an Athlete wins a match in the Team Event, he/she will be awarded bonus points. Bonus points are calculated as 1/10th of the opponent’s average points.

(3) Calculation of Individual Average: If 1 singles player or 1 doubles pair has played less than 6 matches in the last 52 weeks, divide the number of points from the matches won by the number of matches played. If 1 singles player or 1 doubles pair has played 6 or more tournaments in the last 52 weeks, divide the number of tournament points won by 5.

Ranking

The final points for an athlete (single/double) who has competed in 5 or fewer competitions in the last 52 weeks is the sum of the points he/she has gained from the competitions in which he/she has participated. The final points of an athlete (single/double) who has participated in 6 or more competitions in the last 52 weeks shall be the sum of the highest 5 points earned from his/her participation in the competitions. Athletes (singles/doubles) are ranked in descending order by the number of points counted for each individual event.

Gripping the racket too tightly usually refers to the phenomenon that a hitter does not leave a proper gap between the palm and the handle of the racket when gripping the racket during the process of preparation, leading and restoring when hitting the ball, as well as the phenomenon that the racket has been gripped tightly before the moment of collision between the racket and the ball. Once the habit is formed, it will bring a great obstacle to the further improvement of the hitting technique. The following methods can be used to improve it:

1. Adopting the correct grip After holding the racket, use the movement of your fingers to keep rotating the racket, and the movement of suddenly gripping it tightly and then reverting to relaxing it immediately. If you hold the racket with your palm close to the handle at all times, it will be difficult for you to complete the above movements.
2. Do some freehand swings in your spare time, focusing on how you grip the racket from a loose grip to a sudden tight grip at the moment of hitting the ball, and on finger dexterity.
3. If you have become accustomed to holding the racket too tightly, you can practice more delicate techniques that require less force in the near future, such as slinging the ball, rolling the ball in front of the net, hooking the ball diagonally and pushing the ball.

Badminton footwork refers to the method of moving quickly, reasonably and with some regularity to the net, back and sides on the home court of about 35 square metres. Footwork is an important part of badminton technology, has a very important position and role in the actual combat, but also to learn and can master the foundation of the correct hitting technology. According to the direction of the field movement and the location of the field area, the badminton footwork is usually divided into: net footwork, back footwork, both sides of the mobile footwork and front and back of the field coherent footwork (such as “kill the net footwork” and so on). Each complete step consists of four parts: starting, moving, assisting to complete the stroke and returning.

According to the structure of the action, badminton footwork usually consists of the following basic footwork:

Stride

a method of movement that involves taking a larger step towards the point of impact. Usually used in the last step of the net step.

Cushion step

when moving to the last step, there is still a short distance from the hitting point, use the other foot to add another small step to the moving method. This kind of step is more light and dexterous, which not only makes the number of steps more economical, but also keeps the stability of the centre of gravity of the body during the movement and helps to assist the completion of the striking action.

Parallel Step

A method of movement in which the foot on the far side of the direction from the striking point takes a small step forward, while the front foot steps forward immediately before it hits the ground. This kind of step is more often used in netting, receiving kills and forehand backward surprise kills.

Crossover step

The two feet cross forward and backward in the direction of the hitting point. This kind of step has a larger stride length, and the centre of gravity of the body is more stable during the movement.

Stomping step

when moving to the last step, using one foot or both feet to jump to hit a method of movement. For example, in order to accelerate the speed of the net pouncing on the ball, the back foot stomps and extends, and the front foot is a bow step forward; in the backcourt when the sudden attack of the kill, the first turn to move with the pad or step, and then the last step of the last step with a single foot or both feet jumping to kill. The use of this footwork requires good coordination, strong jumping power, and good control of one’s centre of gravity after hitting the ball, in order to be coherent for the next beat of the ball.

 Serve receive is a collective term for the technical action of returning the ball served by the opponent to the opponent’s court. Usually there are high balls, hanging balls, killing balls, rolling balls, pushing balls, hooking diagonal balls and other methods. It not only requires athletes to master a variety of practical basic skills and good judgement, but also must implement the proactive guiding ideology. If it is said that a good serve is the beginning of the victory of every point, then a good serve receive is also the first step to regain the right to serve, which can destroy the opponent’s serve attack, limit the opponent’s speciality techniques, and also create conditions for their next shot to attack and speciality techniques, and even score points directly. Especially in doubles matches, a bad serve reception will not only cause your passivity or loss of points, but also may affect the confidence of the match.

Receiving and serving position

1.  Singles position: generally stand about 1.5 metres away from the front serve line (can be adjusted according to your height and the opponent’s serve characteristics), in the right tee area to receive the ball, the position should be biased against the centre line, in the left tee area to receive the ball, you should stand in the middle of the left tee area.
2.  Doubles position: Since the doubles service area is 0.76 metres shorter than that of singles, the matches are usually dominated by net and flat fastballs, therefore, the reception of serve should be close to the front serve line.

Preparation posture

body side to the net, left foot in front, right foot in the back, two feet naturally open, singles serve receiving body weight falls on the left foot, the right heel naturally lifted, knees slightly flexed, chest and abdomen, two arms naturally lifted, racket lifted in front of the body, eyes on the other side. When receiving a serve in doubles, the centre of gravity of the body should be relatively lower than in singles, and should be adjusted between the two feet according to the judgement of the opponent’s intention to serve, and the racket should be lifted higher than in singles.

Love all, play.

Service over.

Second server.

14 game point 8.

14 match point 6.

2 game point all.

Setting3 point, love all.

Game not set, 13 all.

One game all.

Change the shuttle.

Play a let.

Change ends.

You touched the shuttle.

You touched the net.

You hit the shuttle twice. (Double hits)

You slung the shuttle.

Fault receiver.

Service fault called.

Play is suspended.

Fault.

Out.

In.

Badminton competition rule 9 “serve” details what is legal serve, also clear what is “serve violation”, in judge whether “serve violation”, first of all to grasp the concept of “serve time”, because all players “serve violation” only occurs in the “serve time”. In determining whether there is a “serve violation”, it is important to first grasp the concept of “serve time”, because all serve violations by the server only occur during “serve time”.

Time of serve: The period of time between the first swing of the head of the player’s racket forward (the start of the serve) and the time when the player’s racket hits or misses the ball (the end of the serve) after both the player and the receiver are ready to serve and receive the ball. Here is how to judge a “service violation”.

Serve Foot Violation

It is an offence for any foot of the server to step on, touch or move the line during the entire time of the serve. When the player is ready to start the serve, the referee should pay attention to whether any of the player’s feet has stepped on or touched the line, and if it has, the referee should not call it at this time because the serve has not yet begun. Once the player’s racket starts to swing forward, the referee does not have to wait until the ball is struck to declare an “infringement” immediately. Some players like to stand close to the centre line when serving, and their feet do not touch the line at the beginning of the swing, but with the swing there is a rotation of the foot resulting in half of the foot obviously stepping on the line, which is also a “serve foot violation”. Some players are accustomed to swinging the racket after standing in a good position and taking a step forward with the front foot. This should not be regarded as a foot movement because the serve does not start, and once the player’s racket starts to swing forward to the end of the serve, it is a “foot fault” if any of the player’s feet leaves the ground or drags during the period of time.

Failure to hit the tee first

The initial point of contact between the racket and the ball during the serve is not on the butt of the ball, i.e. it is illegal for the racket to hit the feathered portion of the ball first, or to hit the feathered portion of the ball and the butt of the ball at the same time, and the main purpose of this rule is to limit the player’s ability to serve a spinning, drifting ball. When serving, the referee should pay attention to watch carefully whether the initial point of contact between the racket and the ball is only on the rest of the ball. In fact, this is sometimes very difficult, so the referee should watch the flight of the ball to help judge, if the racket is obviously the first to hit the feathers, the serve should be ruled unlawful without a doubt; if it is not certain from the observation that the rest of the ball has not been struck first, then it is necessary to look at the ball in flight with spin, roll and roll, and to see if it has been sent out. If it is not certain from observation that the ball did not first hit the butt, then it is necessary to see if the flight of the ball with rotation, roll can be ruled illegal, if the flight arc of the ball sent out is normal, it is a legal serve. However, it should be noted that if it is clear that the ball hit the tee first, then a violation cannot be called if the ball spins or rolls.

Over the Waist

A serve is “over the waist” when any part of the ball is above the waist of the server at the moment the racket hits the ball. The purpose of this rule is to prevent the server from hitting the ball flat at a high point and threatening the receiving team. In determining whether any part of the ball over the waist, first of all, we must know the part of the waist, from the human anatomy, the waist is from the first lumbar vertebrae to the fifth lumbar vertebrae, and the first lumbar vertebrae is equivalent to the human body’s lowest rib cage, when hitting the ball at the moment, the ball of any part of the ball if higher than the minimum of the extension of a rib cage, it should be regarded as over the waist (the past had a badminton game when the players are required to put the lower edge of the shirt, stuffed into the waist of the trousers, and then to the waist of the trousers). (In the past, players were asked to tuck the bottom edge of their shirts into the waist of their trousers during badminton matches, and then the waist of the trousers was used as the boundary to judge whether the serve was over the waist, which resulted in the malpractice of the players intentionally bunching the waist of their trousers to raise the point of the stroke). A “serve over the waist” violation must occur at the moment the racket hits the ball, and there are two situations that are worth noting: one is when the player has already begun to swing and the ball has left the player’s hand, and the ball is in the air well above the player’s waist, which is not a violation; the other is when the player is preparing to serve and at the beginning of the swing, the ball remains in the air well below the player’s waist. In the other case, the ball remains below the waist of the server at the beginning of the preparation and swinging phase, and when the ball is about to be struck, the server lifts the ball up quickly and strikes the ball at a height above the waist, which is a clear violation of the serve over the waist.

Serving Overhand

When the racket hits the ball, the shaft of the player’s racket is not pointing downwards, so that the entire head of the racket is clearly below the hand of the player (customarily known as “overhand”). The main purpose of this rule is to prevent the player from hitting an attacking flat shot with a flat racket face that is perpendicular to the ground, and to require that the player’s racket face be struck only in an upward direction so that the ball arcs upward over the net. There are three aspects to be considered in determining this violation: first, the moment the racket strikes the ball; second, the racket must be significantly lower than the hand of the server; and third, it is most important to note that if the arc of the ball is flat towards the receiver, there is no error in determining the “overhand violation” of the serve.

Delayed serve

The server’s swing is not a single, continuous forward stroke (commonly known as a “serve fake”). If the player changes the direction of the swing after starting to swing forward, or if there is a pause in the process of swinging to deceive the opponent, these are all serving violations. In practice, the more common situation, a player swinging forward suddenly stopped in the middle, the receiver thought it was close to the tennis ball and the body weight forward, but the player suddenly flicked his wrist to send the ball to the opponent’s back court, so that the receiver was deceived. There is also the case that the player, when preparing to serve, keeps shaking the racket, the amplitude is big or small, and sends the ball when the opponent is unprepared. All of these should be ruled as “delayed serve” offences.

According to relevant information, the earliest written record of badminton is the famous French painter Jordan (1699-1779) painted a painting entitled “badminton” (The shuttle coack) oil painting. The painting shows a young girl holding a racket with net strings, and the ball is made of seven different coloured feathers inserted into the ball holder.

Legend has it that in Japan as early as the 14th and 15th centuries, there was already a game in which two people used wooden rackets to hit a feathered cherry stone back and forth as a ball. The sport soon spread to other countries in Europe and Asia. But because the ball is not strong and durable, flight speed and too fast, so although the popularity of a while but soon disappeared.

After that, there are similar badminton game appeared in India and Russia, India called this game for “Pune”, it is wrapped into a ball with floss, inserted on the feathers, with a wooden racket against. In Russia, it was called “Volang”. The ball used is very similar to our present shuttlecock.

Thus, the origin of badminton is closely related to the game similar to “shuttlecock board”. Due to the country. Ethnicity. Cultural and linguistic differences, the name of the original badminton game is different. Therefore, the world is still divided on when and where this actually began. But now the name of the badminton sport is basically the same. 1873, in Gloucestershire, England, the town of Birmington (BADMINTON) has a name Baufort’s duke, a banquet at home guests, coinciding with the rain, guests only have to get together in the living room, a long time, we all feel bored, at that time, there is a retired British army officer from India, will be in Bombay, India to see the “A British officer, who had retired from India, introduced Pune to everyone, and so they played this game of badminton in the hall. As this activity was extremely fun, it soon became popular. As this activity was born in Birmington, some people proposed to the name of the manor named this sport, so, in English badminton is called “BADMINTON”. The original Duke of Balfourt’s estate is now also renamed “badminton hall” to commemorate, and display the original badminton rackets and balls in the mid-19th century. At that time, the court was gourd-shaped, wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, with a net at the narrow end, until 1901 when it was changed to a rectangular shape.
 
In 1877, the first book of badminton rules was published in England.

In 1893, the world’s first badminton association was established in England, and in 1899, the association held the first “All Englang Badminton Championships” (All Englang Badminton Champinships), which is the traditional, unofficial world badminton championships held in Wembley Sports Centre in London, England since 1899.

Since then, badminton has spread from the Upper Antilles to Scandinavia and the Commonwealth, and in the early 20th century to Asia, the Americas, Oceania and finally Africa.

With the increasing number of countries playing the sport in the world, the International Badminton Federation (IBF) was established in 1934, with its headquarters in London. In 1939, the IBF adopted the Rules of Badminton Competition, which are common to all member countries.

From the 1920s to the 1940s, badminton developed rapidly in Europe and America. Especially, England and Denmark almost monopolised the titles of all major international competitions. Secondly, the United States of America and Canada also had a very high level of badminton.

The first world men’s badminton team championships held in 1948-1949 – “Thomas Cup” tournament, the Malaysian team defeated the United States, Great Britain and Denmark and other strong teams won the championship, thus opening up the era of Asian dominance in the international badminton arena.

In the 1950s, Asian badminton developed rapidly, especially in Malaysia, where a number of outstanding players emerged and won two consecutive Thomas Cups held between 1951 and 1955. Malaysia also won the men’s singles and doubles titles in the All England Championships.

In the late 1950s, the Indonesian badminton team began to rise in the international badminton scene. They innovated on the basis of learning the techniques and playing styles of the European players, and accelerated the speed and control of the landing points on the badminton court, so that the level of badminton techniques was raised to a new stage. The team won the 4th Thomas Cup by defeating Malaysia in one stroke. In the 60’s and 70’s, Indonesia’s technical level (except China) has been in the leading position in the international badminton world, from the 4th to the 11th Thomas Cup, except for the 7th was won by Malaysia, the rest of the team was owned by Indonesia, and almost monopolised the men’s singles and doubles championships of the All-England Championships in this period.

On the women’s side, the United States dominated the world in the mid-1950s and early 1960s, winning three consecutive world women’s team titles (the Uber Cup), and in the late 1960s and 1970s, the world’s dominance shifted to Japan.

In May 1981, the International Badminton Federation (IBF) restored the legal seat of China in the IBF, which opened a new page in the history of the international badminton arena, and entered a glorious period in which Chinese badminton players dominated the international badminton arena.

In 1988 Seoul Olympic Games, badminton for the first time into the Olympic family, was listed as a performance programme, the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games as an official competition, with four gold medals for men’s and women’s singles and men’s and women’s doubles, and the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, mixed doubles was added.

Badminton hitting technique methods are varied, the ball flight form varies greatly. Usually, it is distinguished from the following aspects.

I to hit the point in the direction of the hitter’s body position distinction

Forehand (forehand): use the palm side of the racket holder to hit the ball, generally used to hit the ball on the same side of the body of the racket holder.

Backhand: The ball is struck with the back of the hand, usually on the opposite side of the body.

Overhand: The player returns the ball with the front side of the racket to the opposite side of the racket holder’s body, above the shoulder.

Overhand: A shot from the back of the court that is hit above the shoulder of the player. In the case of a net shot, the point of impact is above the lower edge of the net.

Downhand: When hitting from the backcourt, the point of the ball is below the hitter’s shoulder. When hitting the ball in front of the net, the point of the ball is below the lower edge of the net.

II Distinguished by the position of the hitter on the court at the time of the shot.

Front court: from near the front tee line to the net area.

Back court: from the end line to approximately 1 metre inside the court.

Centre court: the area between the front and back court areas.

Left and right court areas: the centre line of the court is the boundary, divided into left and right court areas.

III Distinguished by the arc of the ball’s flight and point of landing

High Ball: A technical method of returning the ball from the back of the court to the opponent’s back of the court with a higher arc.

Flat High Ball: A technical method of hitting the ball from the back court of one side of the court to the back court of the opponent with a high arc that does not allow the opponent to intercept the ball in the middle of the court.

Hooking: A technique of hitting the ball from the back of the court to the near-net area of the opponent with a forward and downward arc.

Killing: From the middle or the back of the court, a technical method of fast pressing the ball forward and downward to the opponent’s court area.

Flat Draw: The point of the ball is on both sides of the hitter’s body, and the ball is struck parallel to the ground or in a slightly downward arc towards the opponent’s court area.

Flat Block: Similar to the Flat Draw, but with a smaller range of motion, this is a technical method of returning the ball to the opponent’s near-net area with the power of the opponent’s incoming ball.

High Pick: A technique of hitting the ball from a low point in front of the net or in the middle of the court to the opponent’s backcourt area with a high arc.

Push: A technical method of hitting the ball from a point near the upper edge of the net to the opponent’s backcourt area with a relatively flat arc.

Rubbing: A technique in which the face of the racket is used to slice the butt of the ball and the feathers, causing the ball to spin and roll in flight. It is a technical method to return the ball in a straight line from the front area of the net to the front area of the opponent’s net.

Hooking Diagonal Ball: A technique to return the ball diagonally to the other side of the opponent’s net, either at the net or when receiving a kill.

Punt: In the near net above the height of the net, a technical method to hit the ball forward and down to the opponent’s field area.

The above names can be combined with two or three names to indicate the position of a particular shot on the court and the form in which the ball is hit. For example, forehand kill, overhead slice, backhand punt, etc.